Iron deficiency anemia was studied and characterized in 24 camels of Anseba and Gash Barka regions. Twelve camels were investigated from each region; six young camels below one year old and the other six camels were adult camels above one year old. The aim of this study was to identify anemia caused from iron deficiency in camels using different haematological and biochemical parameters. The investigation of iron deficiency anemia was based on erythrocytic count and morphology, hematocrit estimation and iron determination (both bound and unbound). Blood samples for this study were collected in heparinized test tubes. Erythrocytic count and morphology were studied with the help of Hemocytometer and Giemsa stained blood films, respectively. Iron level was determined using UV-spectrophotometer. Thirteen (54%) out of 24 camels, were found to be anemic. Of these, 7 camels were from Anseba region, and the rest were from Gash Barka. Of the anemic camels, eight were identified as young and the remaining 5 were adult. The study shows that iron deficiency anemia was prevalent in both regions, being slightly higher and severer in Anseba, particularly in poor conditioned young male camels. Although the real cause of iron deficiency anemia was not extensively determined, the results shows alarming situation of poor nutritional and health monitoring of camels in both regions of Eritrea where study was conducted and with high population of camels and hence demanding coherent, long-term strategy for progressive control.